Reagents for Conducting Polymer Research

In 1977, Shirakawa and co-workers reported that thin films of the semi-conducting polymer polyacetylene show a dramatic increase in electrical conductivity when doped with controlled amounts of iodine.1) Their reports triggered intensive R&D into the electrical conductivity of plastic materials. Studies of conducting polymers began and, as a result, many π-conjugated polymers such as polypyrrole2), polythiophene3), polyaniline4) and polyphenylenevinylene5) have been developed. Among these polymers, many of them have been utilized practically. One example is an electrolytic condenser using polypyrrole. This condenser has characteristic features such as being compact and lightweight,
as well as having high-capacity and high-frequency compliance. These features have achieved a downsizing and weight-saving in electronic devices, and are utilized currently in some mobile phones. Thereby, conducting polymers are widely used for electronic devices vital to our everyday life. These and many other achievements were the reasons Shirakawa received to the Nobel Prize Award in 2000.
Recent studies have found that polyphenylenevinylene shows electroluminescence. Also the synthesis of a spiral structure helical polyacetylene has been achieved. Further active studies are underway, looking to discover new features and properties of these conducting polymers.
The page below shows the monomers and oligomers for conducting polymer research.

3-Alkyl Thiophenes

Thiophene Derivatives

Pyrroles

Carbazoles

Others

3-Alkyl Thiophenes

B1458 B1458 D2098 D2098 D2016 D2016
E0378 E0378 H0722 H0722 H0756 H0756
M0440 M0440 O0213 O0213 N0533 N0533
O0245 O0245 P1127 P1127 P1128 P1128
U0056 U0056
B1458 3-Butylthiophene
D2098 3-Decylthiophene
D2016 3-Dodecylthiophene
E0378 3-Ethylthiophene
H0722 3-Heptylthiophene
H0756 3-Hexylthiophene
M0440 3-Methylthiophene
O0213 3-n-Octylthiophene
N0533 3-Nonylthiophene
O0245 3-Octadecylthiophene
P1127 3-Pentylthiophene
P1128 3-Propylthiophene
U0056 3-Undecylthiophene
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Thiophene Derivatives

D2077 D2077 B1276 B1276 B1838 B1838
T1196 T1196 T2639 T2639 T1805 T1805
T2388 T2388 T2347 T2347 D3799 D3799
H1294 H1294 B3507 B3507 B1540 B1540
C1801 C1801 T0725 T0725 D3928 D3928
D2378 D2378 D3701 D3701 E0741 E0741
D3800 D3800 B1541 B1541 B1067 B1067
B2934 B2934 C1192 C1192 C1344 C1344
I0380 I0380 M1093 M1093 P1126 P1126
T1084 T1084 T0864 T0864 T1475 T1475
T1354 T1354 T1660 T1660 B3385 B3385
B3386 B3386 B2058 B2058 F0548 F0548
B3363 B3363 D2755 D2755 B1874 B1874
B2862 B2862 B2302 B2302 O0313 O0313
Q0078 Q0078 Q0079 Q0079 S0505 S0505
S0504 S0504 B3464 B3464 D2073 D2073
D3823 D3823 T2206 T2206 T2621 T2621
T1152 T1152 D2074 D2074
D2077 1,4-Di(2-thienyl)-1,3-butadiene
B1276 2,2'-Bithiophene
B1838 2,2'-Bithiophene-5-carboxaldehyde
T1196 2,2':5',2''-Terthiophene (=alpha-Terthienyl)
T2639 2,2':5',2''-Terthiophene-5,5''-dicarboxaldehyde
T1805 2,2':5',2''-Terthiophene-5-carboxaldehyde
T2388 2,3-Thiophenedicarboxaldehyde
T2347 2,5-Thiophenedicarboxylic Acid
D3799 2,6-Dibromodithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene
H1294 2-(4-Hexyl-2-thienyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane
B3507 2-Bromo-3-hexylthiophene
B1540 2-Bromo-5-methylthiophene
C1801 2-Chloro-3-methylthiophene
T0725 2-Thiophenaldehyde (stabilized with HQ)
D3928 3,4'-Dihexyl-2,2'-bithiophene
D2378 3,4-Diaminothiophene Dihydrochloride
D3701 3,4-Difluoro-2,5-bis(trimethylsilyl)thiophene
E0741 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene
D3800 3,5-Dibromodithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene
B1541 3-Bromo-4-methylthiophene
B1067 3-Bromothiophene
B2934 3-Bromothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde
C1192 3-Chlorothiophene
C1344 3-Cyanothiophene
I0380 3-Iodothiophene
M1093 3-Methoxythiophene
P1126 3-Phenylthiophene
T1084 3-Thenoic Acid
T0864 3-Thiophenaldehyde
T1475 3-Thiopheneethanol
T1354 3-Thiophenemalonic Acid
T1660 3-Thiophenemethanol
B3385 4-Bromo-2-methylthiophene
B3386 4-Bromo-2-thiophenecarboxylic Acid
B2058 5''-Bromo-2,2':5',2''-terthiophene-5-carboxaldehyde
F0548 5'-Formyl-2,2'-bithiophene-5-boronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride)
B3363 5,5'-Bis(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,2'-bithiophene
D2755 5,5'-Dibromo-2,2'-bithiophene
B1874 5-Bromo-2,2'-bithiophene-5'-carboxaldehyde
B2862 5-Bromo-2-thiopheneboronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride)
B2302 5-Bromo-2-thiophenecarboxylic Acid
O0313 alpha-Octithiophene
Q0078 alpha-Quarterthiophene
Q0079 alpha-Quinquethiophene
S0505 alpha-Septithiophene
S0504 alpha-Sexithiophene
B3464 Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene
D2073 cis-1,2-Di(2-thienyl)ethylene
D3823 Dithieno[3,2-b:2',3'-d]thiophene-2-boronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride)
T2206 Tetradecafluoro-alpha-sexithiophene (purified by sublimation)
T2621 Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2-boronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride)
T1152 Thiophene-3-acetic Acid
D2074 trans-1,2-Di(2-thienyl)ethylene
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Pyrroles

B1622 B1622 C1347 C1347 H0826 H0826
B1623 B1623 H0827 H0827 N0584 N0584
T1386 T1386 T1677 T1677 A1022 A1022
B2335 B2335 E0444 E0444 M0414 M0414
O0242 O0242 O0219 O0219 P1122 P1122
A1015 A1015 H0809 H0809 O0241 O0241
N0502 N0502 P0574 P0574
B1622 1-(2-Bromoethyl)pyrrole
C1347 1-(2-Chloroethyl)pyrrole
H0826 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)pyrrole
B1623 1-(3-Bromopropyl)pyrrole
H0827 1-(3-Hydroxypropyl)pyrrole
N0584 1-(4-Nitrophenyl)pyrrole
T1386 1-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)pyrrole
T1677 1-(Triisopropylsilyl)pyrrole
A1022 1-Aminopyrrole
B2335 1-Benzylpyrrole
E0444 1-Ethylpyrrole
M0414 1-Methylpyrrole
O0242 1-n-Octylpyrrole
O0219 1-Octadecylpyrrole
P1122 1-Phenylpyrrole
A1015 3-Acetyl-1-methylpyrrole
H0809 3-Heptylpyrrole
O0241 3-n-Octylpyrrole
N0502 3-Nitropyrrole
P0574 Pyrrole
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Carbazoles

T1934 T1934 T0159 T0159 D2116 D2116
D2982 D2982 D2981 D2981 D2983 D2983
A1508 A1508 B2713 B2713 H1014 H1014
B1967 B1967 B2864 B2864 B2805 B2805
B2804 B2804 E0071 E0071 E0247 E0247
M0960 M0960 P1492 P1492 V0021 V0021
C0032 C0032 C0714 C0714 C1031 C1031
E0359 E0359 P0656 P0656
T1934 1,3,5-Tri(9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzene (purified by sublimation)
T0159 1,3,6,8-Tetranitrocarbazole (wetted with ca. 40% Water, containing 25g on a dry weight basis)
D2116 3,6-Diaminocarbazole
D2982 3,6-Dibromo-9-ethylcarbazole
D2981 3,6-Dibromo-9-phenylcarbazole
D2983 3,6-Dibromocarbazole
A1508 3-Amino-9-ethylcarbazole
B2713 4,4'-Bis(9H-carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl
H1014 4-Hydroxycarbazole
B1967 9-(1H-Benzotriazol-1-ylmethyl)-9H-carbazole
B2864 9-Benzoylcarbazole
B2805 9-Benzylcarbazole-3,6-dicarboxaldehyde
B2804 9-Benzylcarbazole-3-carboxaldehyde
E0071 9-Ethylcarbazole
E0247 9-Ethylcarbazole
M0960 9-Methylcarbazole
P1492 9-Phenylcarbazole
V0021 9-Vinylcarbazole
C0032 Carbazole
C0714 Carbazole Potassium Salt
C1031 Carbazole-9-carbonyl Chloride
E0359 N-Ethylcarbazole-3-carboxaldehyde
P0656 Poly(N-vinylcarbazole)
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Others

N0536 N0536 T2597 T2597 P0972 P0972
P0984 P0984 A1122 A1122 D3302 D3302
D3303 D3303 D1910 D1910 D3842 D3842
B3089 B3089 B2844 B2844 B2633 B2633
B2843 B2843 B1336 B1336 N0369 N0369
N0755 N0755 T1361 T1361 T2310 T2310
N0536 1,4,5,8-Naphthalenetetracarboxdiimide
T2597 2,2',7,7'-Tetrabromo-9,9'-spirobi[9H-fluorene]
P0972 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride
P0984 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic Diimide
A1122 3-Ethynylaniline
D3302 4,4'-Dibromo-4''-cyclohexyltriphenylamine
D3303 4,4'-Dibromo-4''-phenyltriphenylamine
D1910 4,4'-Dibromotriphenylamine
D3842 4,7-Dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole
B3089 4-Bromo-4',4''-dimethyltriphenylamine
B2844 4-Bromo-4'-(diphenylamino)biphenyl
B2633 4-Bromotriphenylamine
B2843 Bis(4-formylphenyl)phenylamine
B1336 N,N'-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine
N0369 Naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic Dianhydride
N0755 Naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic Dianhydride (purified by sublimation)
T1361 Tris(4-bromophenyl)amine
T2310 Tris(4-formylphenyl)amine
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(see also Reagents for High-Performance Polymer Research)


Acetylenes

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Literature

1) H. Shirakawa, E. J. Luois, A. G. MacDiarmid, C. K. Chiang, A. J. Heeger, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1977, 578 [DOI].
2) K. K. Kanazawa, A. F. Diaz, R. H. Geiss, W. D. Gill, J. F. Kwak, J. A. Logan, J. F. Rabolt, G. B. Street, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1979, 854 [DOI]; M. Salmon, A. F. Diaz, J. A. Logan, K. Krounbi, J. Bargon, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 1982, 83, 265 [DOI]; M. Ogasawara, K. Funahashi, T. Demura, T. Hagiwara, K. Iwata, Synth. Met., 1986, 14, 61 [DOI].
3) M. Sato, S. Tanaka, K. Kaeriyama, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1985, 713 [DOI]; S. Hotta, Synth. Met., 1987, 22, 103 [DOI].
4) T. Kobayashi, H. Yoneyama, H. Tamura, J. Electroanal. Chem., 1984, 177, 281 [DOI]; J.-C. Chiang, A. G. MacDiarmid, Synth. Met., 1986, 13, 193 [DOI].
5) G. E. Wnek, J. C. W. Chien, F. E. Karasz, C. P. Lillya, Polymer, 1979, 20, 1441 [DOI]; D. R. Ganon, J. D. Capistran, F. E. Karasz, R. W. Lenz, S. Antoun, Polymer, 1987, 28, 567 [DOI].

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